Question: 152 Which one of the following techniques does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment?
(1) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique
(2) Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique
(3) Recombinant DNA Technology
(4) Serum and Urine analysis
Answer: Option (4)
Explanation:
Early diagnosis of diseases involves detecting pathogens or disease markers at very low concentrations before symptoms become severe.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used to amplify specific DNA sequences of pathogens,
allowing detection even when the pathogen is present in very small amounts.
ELISA is used to detect antigens or antibodies in the blood and helps in early detection of infectious diseases.
Recombinant DNA technology helps in producing specific probes and diagnostic kits that aid in early diagnosis.
Serum and urine analysis usually detect changes that appear after the disease has progressed and
are therefore not reliable techniques for early diagnosis.
Hence, serum and urine analysis does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis.