Question: 151. Sweet potato and potato represent a certain type of evolution. Select the correct combination of terms to explain the evolution.
(1) Analogy, convergent
(2) Homology, divergent
(3) Homology, convergent
(4) Analogy, divergent
Answer: Option (1)
Explanation:
Sweet potato is a modified root, while potato is a modified stem (tuber). Although they perform a similar function—storage of food—they originate from different organs.
Such structures with similar functions but different origins are called analogous structures.
The evolution of analogous structures occurs due to convergent evolution, where unrelated organisms adapt similarly to similar environmental pressures.
Thus, sweet potato and potato show analogy and convergent evolution.