Question: 108: The species that come to appear in bare area are called :
(1) Pioneer species
(2) Invasive species
(3) Competitive species
(4) Species of seral community
Answer: Option (1)
Explanation:
Ecological succession is the gradual and predictable change in species composition in an area over time.
The first organisms that colonise a bare or newly formed area are known as pioneer species.
These species are well adapted to survive in harsh conditions such as lack of soil, nutrients, and moisture.
Pioneer species initiate the process of succession by modifying the environment and making it suitable for other species to grow.
Invasive species are non-native species that spread rapidly and may harm the ecosystem.
Competitive species appear later in succession when resources become limited.
Species of seral community refer to organisms present at intermediate stages of succession.
Therefore, the species that first appear in a bare area are called pioneer species.
Hence, the correct answer is Option (1).